Search Sanctions | SapherCheck

Profile Type	PERSON
Name	冬陳冬陈 CHEN, DONG DONG CHEN
First Name	冬 DONG
Last Name	陳 CHEN 陈
Country	HONG KONG SAR CHINA
Nationality	CHINA
Birth Date	1964-02-01 1963-11-01 1964-02-29 1963-11-30
Birth-Place	LUOYUAN, FUZHOU, FUJIAN PROVINCE, CHINA
First Seen	2023-04-20
Last Seen	2024-10-25
Last Change	2024-05-07
Gender	MALE
Datasets	US TRADE CONSOLIDATED SCREENING LIST (CSL) US OFAC SPECIALLY DESIGNATED NATIONALS (SDN) LIST
Topics	SANCTIONED ENTITY
SourceUrl	https://sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov/Details.aspx?id=32471

1 Sanctions

1. Sanction Caption: SDN List

Sanction Caption	SDN List
Sanction Datasets	US OFAC Specially Designated Nationals (SDN) List
Sanction First Seen	2023-04-20
Sanction Last Change	2024-06-23
Sanction Last Seen	2024-10-25
Sanction Properties	Authority: Office of Foreign Assets Control Authority ID: 32471 Country: United States Entity: NK-DGxoZTmB6qhaumpb5pPwz3 Program: SDN List Provisions: HK-EO13936 Block Reason: Executive Order 13936 (HK) Source URL: https://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/sanctions/Pages/default.aspx Summary: Secondary sanctions risk: pursuant to the Hong Kong Autonomy Act of 2020 - Public Law 116-149

Alias	KOROTAIEV OLEKSANDR KOROTAEV ALEKSANDR Коротаев Александр Николаевич
Inn-Code	2331520752
Profile Type	PERSON
Name	KOROTAIEV OLEKSANDR MYKOLAIOVYCH Коротаєв Олександр Миколайович
Nationality	RUSSIA UKRAINE
Birth Date	1963-11-01
First Seen	2024-09-02
Last Seen	2024-10-25
Last Change	2024-09-02
Datasets	UKRAINE NSDC STATE REGISTER OF SANCTIONS
Topics	SANCTIONED ENTITY

1 Sanctions

1. Sanction Caption: 601/2024

Sanction Caption	601/2024
Sanction Datasets	Ukraine NSDC State Register of Sanctions
Sanction First Seen	2024-09-02
Sanction Last Change	2024-09-02
Sanction Last Seen	2024-10-25
Sanction Properties	Authority: National Security and Defense Council Служба безпеки України Start Date: 2024-09-02 End Date: 2034-09-02 Duration: Десять років Country: Ukraine Entity: ua-nsdc-27525-korotaev-oleksandr-mikolajovic Program: 601/2024 Provisions: заборона передання технологій, прав на об’єкти права інтелектуальної власності анулювання або зупинення ліцензій та інших дозволів, одержання (наявність) яких є умовою для здійснення певного виду діяльності, зокрема, анулювання чи зупинення дії спеціальних дозволів на користування надрами блокування активів - тимчасове позбавлення права користуватися та розпоряджатися активами, що належать фізичній або юридичній особі, а також активами, щодо яких така особа може прямо чи опосередковано (через інших фізичних або юридичних осіб) вчиняти дії, тотожні за змістом здійсненню права розпорядження ними запобігання виведенню капіталів за межі України обмеження торговельних операцій заборона участі у приватизації, оренді державного майна резидентами іноземної держави та особами, які прямо чи опосередковано контролюються резидентами іноземної держави або діють в їх інтересах обмеження, часткове чи повне припинення транзиту ресурсів, польотів та перевезень територією України заборона на набуття у власність земельних ділянок інші санкції, що відповідають принципам їх застосування, встановленим цим Законом зупинення виконання економічних та фінансових зобов’язань Reason: дії іноземної держави, іноземної юридичної чи фізичної особи, інших суб’єктів, які створюють реальні та/або потенційні загрози національним інтересам, національній безпеці, суверенітету і територіальній цілісності України, сприяють терористичній діяльності та/або порушують права і свободи людини і громадянина, інтереси суспільства та держави, призводять до окупації території, експропріації чи обмеження права власності, завдання майнових втрат, створення перешкод для сталого економічного розвитку, повноцінного здійснення громадянами України належних їм прав і свобод Source URL: https://drs.nsdc.gov.ua/ https://www.president.gov.ua/documents/6012024-52009 Status: active

Profile Type	PERSON
Name	ARAM BEDROS TOROSSIAN
First Name	ARAM
Middle Name	BEDROS
Last Name	TOROSSIAN
Country	UNITED STATES
Birth Date	1963-11-01
Position	OWNER/OPERATOR (CLINIC)
First Seen	2024-05-08
Last Seen	2024-10-25
Last Change	2024-10-11
Created At	2007-04-19
Datasets	US SAM PROCUREMENT EXCLUSIONS US HEALTH AND HUMAN SCIENCES INSPECTOR GENERAL EXCLUSIONS
Address	2312 PEYTON AVENUE, BURBANK, CA 91504 BURBANK, CA 91504, USA
Topics	DEBARRED ENTITY

2 Sanctions

1. Sanction Caption: US HHS OIG List o...

Sanction Caption	US HHS OIG List of Excluded Individuals/Entities
Sanction Datasets	US Health and Human Sciences Inspector General Exclusions
Sanction First Seen	2024-05-08
Sanction Last Change	2024-06-23
Sanction Last Seen	2024-10-24
Sanction Properties	Authority: Department of Health and Human Services Office of Inspector General Start Date: 2006-04-20 Country: United States Entity: us-fed-excl-aram-bedros-torossian-91504-burbank Program: US HHS OIG List of Excluded Individuals/Entities Reason: 1128a1 Source URL: https://oig.hhs.gov/exclusions/index.asp

2. Sanction Caption: Reciprocal

Sanction Caption	Reciprocal
Sanction Datasets	US SAM Procurement Exclusions
Sanction First Seen	2024-05-09
Sanction Last Change	2024-05-09
Sanction Last Seen	2024-10-25
Sanction Properties	Authority: HHS Authority ID: S4MR3QYXC Start Date: 2006-04-20 Listing Date: 2007-04-19 Country: United States Entity: us-fed-excl-aram-bedros-torossian-91504-burbank Program: Reciprocal Provisions: Prohibition/Restriction Source URL: https://sam.gov/data-services/Exclusions/Public%20V2?privacy=Public Summary: Excluded by the Department of Health and Human Services from participation in all Federal health care programs pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1320a-7 or other sections of the Social Security Act, as amended and codified in Chapter 7 of Title 42 of the United States Code (the scope and effect of Federal health care program exclusions is described in 42 C.F.R. § 1001.1901).

Profile Type	PERSON
Name	ARSEN GASISYAN
First Name	ARSEN
Last Name	GASISYAN
Country	UNITED STATES
Birth Date	1963-11-01
Position	OWNER/OPERATOR (DME COMPANY)
First Seen	2024-05-08
Last Seen	2024-10-25
Last Change	2024-06-07
Created At	2002-08-19
Datasets	US SAM PROCUREMENT EXCLUSIONS US HEALTH AND HUMAN SCIENCES INSPECTOR GENERAL EXCLUSIONS
Address	C/O 502 S CHEVY CHASE, 2, GLENDALE, CA 91205 GLENDALE, CA 91205, USA
Topics	DEBARRED ENTITY

3 Sanctions

1. Sanction Caption: US HHS OIG List o...

Sanction Caption	US HHS OIG List of Excluded Individuals/Entities
Sanction Datasets	US Health and Human Sciences Inspector General Exclusions
Sanction First Seen	2024-05-08
Sanction Last Change	2024-06-23
Sanction Last Seen	2024-10-24
Sanction Properties	Authority: Department of Health and Human Services Office of Inspector General Start Date: 2002-05-20 Country: United States Entity: us-fed-excl-arsen-gasisyan-91205-glendale Program: US HHS OIG List of Excluded Individuals/Entities Reason: 1128a1 Source URL: https://oig.hhs.gov/exclusions/index.asp

2. Sanction Caption: Reciprocal

Sanction Caption	Reciprocal
Sanction Datasets	US SAM Procurement Exclusions
Sanction First Seen	2024-05-09
Sanction Last Change	2024-05-09
Sanction Last Seen	2024-10-25
Sanction Properties	Authority: OPM Authority ID: S4MR3N28B Start Date: 2002-07-18 Listing Date: 2002-08-28 Country: United States Entity: us-fed-excl-arsen-gasisyan-91205-glendale Program: Reciprocal Provisions: Ineligible (Proceedings Completed) Source URL: https://sam.gov/data-services/Exclusions/Public%20V2?privacy=Public

3. Sanction Caption: Reciprocal

Sanction Caption	Reciprocal
Sanction Datasets	US SAM Procurement Exclusions
Sanction First Seen	2024-05-09
Sanction Last Change	2024-05-09
Sanction Last Seen	2024-10-25
Sanction Properties	Authority: HHS Authority ID: S4MR3N28B Start Date: 2002-05-20 Listing Date: 2002-08-19 Country: United States Entity: us-fed-excl-arsen-gasisyan-91205-glendale Program: Reciprocal Provisions: Prohibition/Restriction Source URL: https://sam.gov/data-services/Exclusions/Public%20V2?privacy=Public Summary: Excluded by the Department of Health and Human Services from participation in all Federal health care programs pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1320a-7 or other sections of the Social Security Act, as amended and codified in Chapter 7 of Title 42 of the United States Code (the scope and effect of Federal health care program exclusions is described in 42 C.F.R. § 1001.1901).

Profile Type	PERSON
Name	BEVERLY KELLY VACEK
First Name	BEVERLY
Middle Name	KELLY
Last Name	VACEK
Country	UNITED STATES
Birth Date	1963-11-01
Position	NURSE/NURSES AIDE (NURSING PROFESSION)
First Seen	2024-05-08
Last Seen	2024-10-25
Last Change	2024-10-11
Created At	2003-04-29
Datasets	US SAM PROCUREMENT EXCLUSIONS US HEALTH AND HUMAN SCIENCES INSPECTOR GENERAL EXCLUSIONS
Address	P O BOX 1032, PALACIOS, TX 77465 PALACIOS, TX 774651032, USA
Topics	DEBARRED ENTITY

3 Sanctions

1. Sanction Caption: US HHS OIG List o...

Sanction Caption	US HHS OIG List of Excluded Individuals/Entities
Sanction Datasets	US Health and Human Sciences Inspector General Exclusions
Sanction First Seen	2024-05-08
Sanction Last Change	2024-06-23
Sanction Last Seen	2024-10-24
Sanction Properties	Authority: Department of Health and Human Services Office of Inspector General Start Date: 2003-02-20 Country: United States Entity: us-fed-excl-beverly-kelly-vacek-77465-palacios Program: US HHS OIG List of Excluded Individuals/Entities Reason: 1128a4 Source URL: https://oig.hhs.gov/exclusions/index.asp

2. Sanction Caption: Reciprocal

Sanction Caption	Reciprocal
Sanction Datasets	US SAM Procurement Exclusions
Sanction First Seen	2024-05-09
Sanction Last Change	2024-05-09
Sanction Last Seen	2024-10-25
Sanction Properties	Authority: HHS Authority ID: S4MR3QQ1Y Start Date: 2003-02-20 Listing Date: 2003-04-29 Country: United States Entity: us-fed-excl-beverly-kelly-vacek-77465-palacios Program: Reciprocal Provisions: Prohibition/Restriction Source URL: https://sam.gov/data-services/Exclusions/Public%20V2?privacy=Public Summary: Excluded by the Department of Health and Human Services from participation in all Federal health care programs pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1320a-7 or other sections of the Social Security Act, as amended and codified in Chapter 7 of Title 42 of the United States Code (the scope and effect of Federal health care program exclusions is described in 42 C.F.R. § 1001.1901).

3. Sanction Caption: Reciprocal

Sanction Caption	Reciprocal
Sanction Datasets	US SAM Procurement Exclusions
Sanction First Seen	2024-05-09
Sanction Last Change	2024-05-09
Sanction Last Seen	2024-10-25
Sanction Properties	Authority: OPM Authority ID: S4MR3QQ1Y Start Date: 2003-04-16 Listing Date: 2003-09-15 Country: United States Entity: us-fed-excl-beverly-kelly-vacek-77465-palacios Program: Reciprocal Provisions: Prohibition/Restriction Source URL: https://sam.gov/data-services/Exclusions/Public%20V2?privacy=Public

Profile Type	PERSON
Name	CLAUDIA L VAVALA
First Name	CLAUDIA
Middle Name	L
Last Name	VAVALA
Country	UNITED STATES
Birth Date	1963-11-01
Position	NURSE/NURSES AIDE (IND- LIC HC SERV PRO)
First Seen	2024-05-08
Last Seen	2024-10-25
Last Change	2024-10-11
Created At	2016-02-23
Npi Code	0000000000
Datasets	US SAM PROCUREMENT EXCLUSIONS US HEALTH AND HUMAN SCIENCES INSPECTOR GENERAL EXCLUSIONS
Address	PALM SPRINGS, CA 92262, USA 291 E MEL AVENUE, UNIT 241, PALM SPRINGS, CA 92262
Topics	DEBARRED ENTITY

2 Sanctions

1. Sanction Caption: US HHS OIG List o...

Sanction Caption	US HHS OIG List of Excluded Individuals/Entities
Sanction Datasets	US Health and Human Sciences Inspector General Exclusions
Sanction First Seen	2024-05-08
Sanction Last Change	2024-06-23
Sanction Last Seen	2024-10-24
Sanction Properties	Authority: Department of Health and Human Services Office of Inspector General Start Date: 2016-02-18 Country: United States Entity: us-fed-excl-claudia-l-vavala-92262-palm-springs Program: US HHS OIG List of Excluded Individuals/Entities Reason: 1128b4 Source URL: https://oig.hhs.gov/exclusions/index.asp

2. Sanction Caption: Reciprocal

Sanction Caption	Reciprocal
Sanction Datasets	US SAM Procurement Exclusions
Sanction First Seen	2024-05-09
Sanction Last Change	2024-05-09
Sanction Last Seen	2024-10-25
Sanction Properties	Authority: HHS Authority ID: S4MR4ZR46 Start Date: 2016-02-18 Listing Date: 2016-02-23 Country: United States Entity: us-fed-excl-claudia-l-vavala-92262-palm-springs Program: Reciprocal Provisions: Prohibition/Restriction Source URL: https://sam.gov/data-services/Exclusions/Public%20V2?privacy=Public Summary: Excluded by the Department of Health and Human Services pursuant to section 1128 or other sections of the Social Security Act from participation in all Federal health care programs (the scope and effect of Federal health care program exclusions is described in 42 C.F.R. section 1001.1901).

Profile Type	PERSON
Name	DEBRA A STAATS
First Name	DEBRA
Middle Name	A
Last Name	STAATS
Country	UNITED STATES
Birth Date	1963-11-01
Position	NURSE/NURSES AIDE (NURSING PROFESSION)
First Seen	2024-05-08
Last Seen	2024-10-25
Last Change	2024-10-11
Created At	2007-04-19
Datasets	US SAM PROCUREMENT EXCLUSIONS US HEALTH AND HUMAN SCIENCES INSPECTOR GENERAL EXCLUSIONS
Address	2323 E FLOWER ST, APT 148E, PHOENIX, AZ 85016 PHOENIX, AZ 85016, USA
Topics	DEBARRED ENTITY

2 Sanctions

1. Sanction Caption: US HHS OIG List o...

Sanction Caption	US HHS OIG List of Excluded Individuals/Entities
Sanction Datasets	US Health and Human Sciences Inspector General Exclusions
Sanction First Seen	2024-05-08
Sanction Last Change	2024-06-23
Sanction Last Seen	2024-10-24
Sanction Properties	Authority: Department of Health and Human Services Office of Inspector General Start Date: 2007-02-20 Country: United States Entity: us-fed-excl-debra-a-staats-85016-phoenix Program: US HHS OIG List of Excluded Individuals/Entities Reason: 1128b4 Source URL: https://oig.hhs.gov/exclusions/index.asp

2. Sanction Caption: Reciprocal

Sanction Caption	Reciprocal
Sanction Datasets	US SAM Procurement Exclusions
Sanction First Seen	2024-05-09
Sanction Last Change	2024-05-09
Sanction Last Seen	2024-10-25
Sanction Properties	Authority: HHS Authority ID: S4MR3PLYM Start Date: 2007-02-20 Listing Date: 2007-04-19 Country: United States Entity: us-fed-excl-debra-a-staats-85016-phoenix Program: Reciprocal Provisions: Prohibition/Restriction Source URL: https://sam.gov/data-services/Exclusions/Public%20V2?privacy=Public Summary: Excluded by the Department of Health and Human Services from participation in all Federal health care programs pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1320a-7 or other sections of the Social Security Act, as amended and codified in Chapter 7 of Title 42 of the United States Code (the scope and effect of Federal health care program exclusions is described in 42 C.F.R. § 1001.1901).

Profile Type	PERSON
Name	LARDINE ROBINSON
First Name	LARDINE
Last Name	ROBINSON
Country	UNITED STATES
Birth Date	1963-11-01
Position	NO KNOWN AFFILIATION (INDIVIDUAL (UNAFFILI)
First Seen	2024-05-08
Last Seen	2024-10-25
Last Change	2024-06-07
Created At	2013-06-20
Datasets	US SAM PROCUREMENT EXCLUSIONS US HEALTH AND HUMAN SCIENCES INSPECTOR GENERAL EXCLUSIONS
Address	SAN BERNARDINO, CA 92411, USA 2209 W EVANS ST, SAN BERNARDINO, CA 92411
Topics	DEBARRED ENTITY

2 Sanctions

1. Sanction Caption: US HHS OIG List o...

Sanction Caption	US HHS OIG List of Excluded Individuals/Entities
Sanction Datasets	US Health and Human Sciences Inspector General Exclusions
Sanction First Seen	2024-05-08
Sanction Last Change	2024-06-23
Sanction Last Seen	2024-10-24
Sanction Properties	Authority: Department of Health and Human Services Office of Inspector General Start Date: 2013-06-20 Country: United States Entity: us-fed-excl-lardine-robinson-92411-san-bernardino Program: US HHS OIG List of Excluded Individuals/Entities Reason: 1128a3 Source URL: https://oig.hhs.gov/exclusions/index.asp

2. Sanction Caption: Reciprocal

Sanction Caption	Reciprocal
Sanction Datasets	US SAM Procurement Exclusions
Sanction First Seen	2024-05-09
Sanction Last Change	2024-05-09
Sanction Last Seen	2024-10-25
Sanction Properties	Authority: HHS Authority ID: S4MR49D5P Start Date: 2013-06-20 Listing Date: 2013-06-20 Country: United States Entity: us-fed-excl-lardine-robinson-92411-san-bernardino Program: Reciprocal Provisions: Prohibition/Restriction Source URL: https://sam.gov/data-services/Exclusions/Public%20V2?privacy=Public Summary: Excluded by the Department of Health and Human Services pursuant to section 1128 or other sections of the Social Security Act from participation in all Federal health care programs (the scope and effect of Federal health care program exclusions is described in 42 C.F.R. section 1001.1901).

Profile Type	PERSON
Name	MYRON J GEYEN MYRON J. GEYEN
First Name	MYRON
Middle Name	J J.
Last Name	GEYEN
Country	UNITED STATES
Birth Date	1963-11-01
Position	NURSE/NURSES AIDE (NURSING FIRM)
First Seen	2024-05-08
Last Seen	2024-10-25
Last Change	2024-10-11
Created At	1997-02-03
Datasets	US SAM PROCUREMENT EXCLUSIONS US HEALTH AND HUMAN SCIENCES INSPECTOR GENERAL EXCLUSIONS
Address	1909 ST JOHN, LAKE CHARLES, LA 70601 LAKE CHARLES, LA 70601, USA
Topics	DEBARRED ENTITY

2 Sanctions

1. Sanction Caption: US HHS OIG List o...

Sanction Caption	US HHS OIG List of Excluded Individuals/Entities
Sanction Datasets	US Health and Human Sciences Inspector General Exclusions
Sanction First Seen	2024-05-08
Sanction Last Change	2024-06-23
Sanction Last Seen	2024-10-24
Sanction Properties	Authority: Department of Health and Human Services Office of Inspector General Start Date: 1991-08-12 Country: United States Entity: us-fed-excl-myron-j-geyen-70601-lake-charles Program: US HHS OIG List of Excluded Individuals/Entities Reason: 1128a2 Source URL: https://oig.hhs.gov/exclusions/index.asp

2. Sanction Caption: NonProcurement

Sanction Caption	NonProcurement
Sanction Datasets	US SAM Procurement Exclusions
Sanction First Seen	2024-05-09
Sanction Last Change	2024-05-09
Sanction Last Seen	2024-10-25
Sanction Properties	Authority: HHS Authority ID: S4MR3QMWT Start Date: 1991-07-23 Listing Date: 1997-02-03 Country: United States Entity: us-fed-excl-myron-j-geyen-70601-lake-charles Program: NonProcurement Provisions: Prohibition/Restriction Source URL: https://sam.gov/data-services/Exclusions/Public%20V2?privacy=Public Summary: Excluded by the Department of Health and Human Services from participation in all Federal health care programs pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1320a-7 or other sections of the Social Security Act, as amended and codified in Chapter 7 of Title 42 of the United States Code (the scope and effect of Federal health care program exclusions is described in 42 C.F.R. § 1001.1901).

Profile Type	PERSON
Name	RICHARD S. RORER RICHARD S RORER
First Name	RICHARD
Middle Name	S. S
Last Name	RORER
Country	UNITED STATES
Birth Date	1963-11-01
Position	GENERAL PRACTICE/FP (MEDICAL PRACTICE, MD)
First Seen	2024-05-08
Last Seen	2024-10-25
Last Change	2024-10-11
Created At	1999-05-04
Datasets	US SAM PROCUREMENT EXCLUSIONS US HEALTH AND HUMAN SCIENCES INSPECTOR GENERAL EXCLUSIONS
Address	2312 MISTY RIDGE CIRCLE, ARLINGTON, TX 76011 ARLINGTON, TX 760112422, USA
Topics	DEBARRED ENTITY

3 Sanctions

1. Sanction Caption: US HHS OIG List o...

Sanction Caption	US HHS OIG List of Excluded Individuals/Entities
Sanction Datasets	US Health and Human Sciences Inspector General Exclusions
Sanction First Seen	2024-05-08
Sanction Last Change	2024-06-23
Sanction Last Seen	2024-10-24
Sanction Properties	Authority: Department of Health and Human Services Office of Inspector General Start Date: 1999-04-20 Country: United States Entity: us-fed-excl-richard-s-rorer-76011-arlington Program: US HHS OIG List of Excluded Individuals/Entities Reason: 1128b14 Source URL: https://oig.hhs.gov/exclusions/index.asp

2. Sanction Caption: Reciprocal

Sanction Caption	Reciprocal
Sanction Datasets	US SAM Procurement Exclusions
Sanction First Seen	2024-05-09
Sanction Last Change	2024-05-09
Sanction Last Seen	2024-10-25
Sanction Properties	Authority: HHS Authority ID: S4MR3NH93 Start Date: 1999-04-20 Listing Date: 1999-05-04 Country: United States Entity: us-fed-excl-richard-s-rorer-76011-arlington Program: Reciprocal Provisions: Prohibition/Restriction Source URL: https://sam.gov/data-services/Exclusions/Public%20V2?privacy=Public Summary: Excluded by the Department of Health and Human Services from participation in all Federal health care programs pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1320a-7 or other sections of the Social Security Act, as amended and codified in Chapter 7 of Title 42 of the United States Code (the scope and effect of Federal health care program exclusions is described in 42 C.F.R. § 1001.1901).

3. Sanction Caption: Reciprocal

Sanction Caption	Reciprocal
Sanction Datasets	US SAM Procurement Exclusions
Sanction First Seen	2024-05-09
Sanction Last Change	2024-05-09
Sanction Last Seen	2024-10-25
Sanction Properties	Authority: OPM Authority ID: S4MR3NH93 Start Date: 1999-08-09 Listing Date: 1999-10-04 Country: United States Entity: us-fed-excl-richard-s-rorer-76011-arlington Program: Reciprocal Provisions: Ineligible (Proceedings Completed) Source URL: https://sam.gov/data-services/Exclusions/Public%20V2?privacy=Public

10 SapherCheck records found for Person 1963 11 01

1 Sanctions

1 Sanctions

2 Sanctions

3 Sanctions

3 Sanctions

2 Sanctions

2 Sanctions

2 Sanctions

2 Sanctions

3 Sanctions